[Results of using botulism toxin in the treatment of spasmodic dysphonia]. / Resultados de la aplicación de toxina botulínica en el tratamiento de la disfonía espasmódica.

Spasmodic Dysphonia (SD) is a dystonia involving laryngeal musculature thus causing a characteristic voice disorder. Two main types of SD have been described. The adductor type is the commonest and it is characterized by a strain-strangle, choked voice. The abductor type can be distinguished from the previous one by episodes of a blown and whispering voice, interrupting speech. Botulism toxin (BTX) has demonstrated to be the most effective treatment for this condition. Thirty patients diagnosed of SD (twenty-nine adductor type/one abductor type) were included. Their degree of dysphonia was evaluated using both functional and visual-analogue scales. They were treated with BTX vocal cord injections using a percutaneous technique under EMG guidance. Improvements up to a 100% of the normal vocal function were obtained, with an average of 82% in the adductor type. The adverse effects were mild and transient. Hypophonia affected 61.3% of patients lasting an average of 11.3 days. Dysphagia was reported in 44.1% of cases lasting an average of 5.8 days.

Resultados de la aplicación de toxina botulínica en el tratamiento de la disfonía espasmódica / Results of using botulism toxin in the treatment of spasmodic dysphonia

La disfonía espasmódica (DE) es una distonía que afecta a la musculatura laríngea, causando un transtorno característico de la voz. Se han descrito dos tipos principales de DE. La DE de tipo abductor es la más común y se caracteriza por una voz entrecortada, tensa y estrangulada. La DE de tipo abductor se distingue de la anterior por la presencia de un habla interrumpida por episodios de voz soplada y de baja intensidad. La toxina botulínica (TOXBA) ha demostrado ser el tratamiento más efectivo para esta patología. Treinta pacientes afectos de DE (veintinueve DE tipo adductor/una DE tipo abductor), cuyo grado de disfonía fue valorado mediante escalas de incapacidad y analógica-visual, fueron tratados mediante infiltración de TOXBA en cuerdas vocales, por vía transcutánea con guía EMG. Se obtuvieron mejorías de hasta el 100 por ciento de la función fonatoria normal, con una media del 82 por ciento en la DE tipo adductor. Los efectos secundarios fueron leves y de corta duración. Apareció hipofonía en el 61,3 por ciento con una duración media de 11,3 días y disfagia en el 44,1 por ciento, durante 5,8 días (AU)

Spasmodic Dysphonia (SD) is a dystonia involving laryngeal musculature thus causing a characteristic voice disorder. Two main types of SD have been described. The adductor type is the commonest and it is characterized by a strain-strangle, choked voice. The abductor type can be distinguished from the previous one by episodes of a blown and whispering voice, interrupting speech. Botulism toxin (BTX) has demonstrated to be the most effective treatment for this condition. Thirty patients diagnosed of SD (twenty-nine adductor type/one abductor type) were included. Their degree of dysphonia was evaluated using both functional and visual-analogue scales. They were treated with BTX vocal cord injections using a percutaneous technique under EMG guidance. Improvements up to a 100% of the normal vocal function were obtained, with an average of 82% in the adductor type. The adverse effects were mild and transient. Hypophonia affected 61.3% of patients lasting an average of 11.3 days. Dysphagia was reported in 44.1% of cases lasting an average of 5.8 days (AU)

[Phyolaryngocele: a case report and review of literature]. / Piolaringocele. Presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura.

A case of pyolaryngocele presented as a lateral cervical mass that produced acute dyspnea requiring tracheotomy. The diagnosis was by direct laryngoscopy, which revealed outflow of purulent material with pressure on the tumor, and was confirmed by CT. Broad-spectrum antibiotic treatment was given and the pyolaryngocele was excised by lateral extramucosal tyrotomy. The literature on laryngocele and pyolaryngocele was reviewed.

[Yag-laser for the treatment of laryngeal and oral hemangiomas]. / Yag-Láser en el tratamiento de hemangiomas de laringe y ca vidad oral.

Laryngeal and bucal hemangiomas are uncommon, although they carry with them, because of its sitting, a vital risk. The AA. report 2 hemangioma cases, one localized on the edge of the tongue, the other one on the aryepiglottic fold. Both were treated with photocoagulation by neodymiun-yttrium-aluminium (Nd-YaG) laser, with favorable follow-up and few complications.